Cases of salmonella infections have reached their highest levels in a decade, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has said.
Salmonella infections increased by 17.1% from 2023, from 8,872 cases in that year to 10,388 cases in 2024, the agency said.
Similarly, campylobacter cases increased by 17.1%, from 60,055 in 2023 to 70,352 in 2024 – reaching nearly 120 reports per 100,000 people.
Salmonella and campylobacter infections are typically caught by eating contaminated food, including poultry, meat, eggs, raw fruit and vegetables, as well as unpasteurised milk products, the UKHSA said.
Infection can also occur through close contact with infected people and by cross-contamination in the kitchen, for example when utensils are used for both cooked and uncooked foods.
They can cause symptoms including diarrhoea, stomach pains and cramps, vomiting and mild fever. Most people recover within one to two weeks, but children, the elderly and those with weaned immune systems face higher risks of developing serious illness or complications.
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The agency said it wanted people to take precautionary measures against catching the bacteria, which it said are common causes of food poisoning.
It said young children, elderly adults and those with weakened immune systems “should take extra care” as they are at higher risk of developing severe illness.
UKHSA and Food Standard Agency experts are investigating the reasons behind the increase in salmonella and campylobacter cases.
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Dr Gauri Godbole, deputy director of gastrointestinal infections at the UKHSA, said: “Our extensive surveillance is showing high levels of gastrointestinal infections in England.
“We continue to work closely with partners to detect, investigate and halt the spread of infections.
“These infections spread in many ways, including through contaminated food or water, contact with an infected person as well as contact with an infected animal or their environment.
“Washing hands thoroughly with soap and water, particularly after using the toilet or handling raw meat, before meals and after contact with animals or farms can prevent infections.
“Additionally, anyone experiencing diarrhoea or vomiting should avoid handling or preparing food for others. Don’t return to work, and children should not attend school or nursery, until at least 48 hours after symptoms have subsided.”
